ꯏ ꯄꯥꯎ

꯲꯰꯲꯶ꯀꯤ ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯴ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ (ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦ.)ꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯕꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯚꯦꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯀꯟꯁꯔꯟ (ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯚꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯁꯤ.) ꯀꯦꯟꯗꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯗꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯗꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ...

ꯍꯟꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯦ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯐꯦꯗꯔꯦꯜ ꯀꯝꯝꯌꯨꯅꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯁꯟ (ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯁꯤ.ꯁꯤ.)ꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯝꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯔꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯲꯲, ꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯅꯤ꯫ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯔꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯠ...

ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯱꯲, ꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯖꯔꯅꯦꯂꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ (EU) 2025/2509 ("TSR" ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯕꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯗꯣꯞꯇ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯏ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯚꯤꯖꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ "ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ"ꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯱, ꯲...

ꯅꯕꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯵, ꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ (ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦ.)ꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯕꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯚꯦꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯀꯟꯁꯔꯟ (ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯚꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯁꯤ.) ꯀꯦꯟꯗꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯱,꯱’-(꯱,꯲-ꯏꯊꯥꯅꯦꯗꯤꯏꯜ)ꯕꯤꯁ[ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯕꯦꯟꯖꯤꯟ] – ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯀꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯗꯥꯏꯐꯦꯅꯤꯂꯦꯊꯦꯟ (ꯗꯤ.ꯕꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯄꯤ.ꯏ.) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯕꯥ – ꯇꯔꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫

ꯑꯣꯒꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯲꯰, ꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ (ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦ.)ꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯆ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯔ- ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯣꯔꯣꯑꯦꯂꯀꯥꯏꯜ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ (ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯦ.ꯑꯦꯁ.) ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯄꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯗꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯣꯉꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯄꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯗꯦꯅꯃꯥꯔꯛ, ꯖꯔꯃꯅꯤ, ꯅꯦꯗꯥꯔꯂꯦꯟꯗ, ꯅꯣꯔꯋꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯗꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥ...

ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯱, ꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯂꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ, ꯌꯥꯏꯐ-ꯌꯨꯝꯕꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯟꯅ-ꯈꯣꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯟꯠꯔꯥꯂꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯃꯣꯗꯤꯇꯤꯖ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯚꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯦ꯫ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯄꯗꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.

꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯲꯶ꯇꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯀꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ (ꯁꯤ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯟ.)ꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯐꯣꯉꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ: ꯑꯦꯟ ꯷꯱-꯱꯵:꯲꯰꯲꯵, ꯑꯦꯟ ꯷꯱-꯱꯶:꯲꯰꯲꯵, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯷꯱-꯱꯷:꯲꯰꯲꯵꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯏ-ꯑꯉꯥꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ...

ꯖꯨꯟ ꯱꯱, ꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯅꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯃꯥꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯖꯦꯟꯇꯦꯇꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯇꯤ (ꯀꯣꯔꯦꯄꯔ)ꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯨ ꯇꯣꯏ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ (ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯥꯔ.)ꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ꯫ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯄꯥꯔꯂꯤꯌꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯂꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯔꯦꯠ ꯲꯰꯰꯹/꯴꯸/ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.(ꯇꯣꯏ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯔꯦꯠ...

ꯖꯨꯟ ꯲, ꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯏꯁ ꯐꯦꯗꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ ꯚꯦꯇꯦꯔꯤꯅꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯐꯦꯌꯔꯁ (ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯚꯤ.ꯑꯣ.)ꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯤꯅꯥꯟꯁ ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯣ.꯲꯰꯲꯵ ꯳꯹꯵ ꯐꯣꯉꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯁꯤꯡ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯏꯠꯖꯥꯔꯂꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯁꯤꯟꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯦꯟꯗꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ...

ꯖꯨꯟ ꯱꯱, ꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯀꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ (ꯁꯤ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯟ.)ꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ EN 71-2: EN 71-2:2020+A1:2025 "ꯇꯣꯏ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ – ꯄꯥꯔꯠ 2: ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ"ꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯚꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯚꯔꯖꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯄꯗꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯕꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯣ...

ꯍꯟꯗꯛ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ (ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦ.)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯖꯨꯟ ꯲꯰꯲꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯀꯝꯃꯤꯇꯤ (ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯁꯤ.)ꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ (ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯚꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯁꯤ.ꯁꯤꯡ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯀꯦꯟꯗꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ...

1. ꯖꯨꯟ ꯱, ꯲꯰꯰꯷ꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯐ ꯔꯤꯆ ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯔꯤꯆ (ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ, ꯏꯚꯥꯂꯨꯑꯦꯁꯟ, ꯑꯣꯊꯣꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯛꯁꯟ) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯤ: